By Disease Name > Erythema Multiforme

Erythema Multiforme

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self-limited; relatively common
usually mild and relapsing
variety of lesions (blisters, target shaped urticarial plaques)
mucous membranes:  70% of patients, almost exclusively limited to oral cavity

 

pathogenesis:

currently seen as a cell-mediated immune reaction aimed at the destruction of keratinocytes expressing HSV antigen
herpes simplex (recurrent EM)
mycoplasma pneumoniae

 

clincal:

prodromal symptoms are usually absent; afebrile
skin rash arises abruptly (usually, all lesions appear within 3 days)
not all lesions typical:
some with only 2 rings (i.e. raised atypical targets)
bullous EM - blister secondary to necrosis
herpes iris of Batemen: larger lesions with central bullae and a marginal ring of vesicles
but flat lesion, typical of SJS-TEN are not found

 

prognosis:

spontaneously resolves in 1 to 4 weeks
progression to SJS/TEN does not occur

 

treatment:

symptomatic
in patients with a well defined interval between their HSV episode and onset of EM, a 5 day course of acyclovir (400mg BID) will prevent EM in most cases
continuous administration of low dose acyclovir effectively prevents episodes of both HSV and EM as long as treatment is continued