• | recurrent toxin mediated perineal erythema |
Common physical signs present in toxin-mediated illness (of staph and strep):
• | acral erythema (with subsequent desquamation) |
• | erythematous eruption with perineal accentuation |
Cytokines TNF-alpha and IL-1:
• | hypotension, tissue injury, shock |
The majority of these toxins produce their clinical effects in large part by functioning as
Toxin: Disease:
TSST-1 (-->TNF-alpha and IL-1) | TSS, RED syndrome, RPE, KD, and possibly AD |
SEB, SEC | some of the non-menstual TSS |
SPE-A (--> TNF-alpha and IL-1) | strep TSS |
ETA and ETB | SSSS; bullous impetigo |
• | TSST-1 – toxic shock staphylococcal toxin |
• | SEB – staph enterotoxin B |
• | SEC – staph enterotoxin C |
• | SPE-A – streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin A |
• | ETA - exfoliative toxin A |
• | ETB - exfoliative toxin B |
• | TSS = toxic-shock syndrome |
• | SSSS = staph scalded skin syndrome |
• | REDD = recalcitrant erythematous desquamating disorder |
• | RPE = recurrent perineal erythema |
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