By Disease Name > Bullous Pemphigoid

Bullous Pemphigoid

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AKA Bullous disease of the aged >60 years old (“bullous pemphig-old”)
herpes gestationis, cicatricial pemphigoid = same family, 180kd antigens

 

Clinical:

tense blisters, few erosions
Blisters often arise on clinically uninflamed skin vs. Stevens-Johnson syndrome
Sometimes bullae are on urticarial skin
Mucous membranes  involvement less common, and less severe and painful (vs. pemphigus vulgaris vs. Stevens-Johnson)
heal without scar formation

 

Histology

hallmark is a subepidermal blister with a normal epidermis and a variable dermal infiltrate composed predominantly of eosinophils
DIF:  linear deposits of IgG and C3 at epidermal basement membrane
IIF:  most patients have circulating IgG anti-BMZ antibodies;  no correlation of antibody titer with disease activity (vs. pemphigus vulgaris)

 

BPAg1 - intracytoplasmic hemidesmosomal protein (230kd)

BPAg2 - transmembrane hemidesmosomal protein (180kd) mnemonic - You’re 18 years old when you get pregnant and get herpes gestationis which has a 180kd antigen, which is a transmembrane protein (and therefore spans many diseases: BP, HG, and cicatricial pemphigoid)

 

ddx: cicatricial pemphigoid,  herpes gestationis, epidermolysis bullosa acquisita,  dermatitis herpetiformis,  linear IgA bullous dermatitis

 

Prognosis - usually self-limited; 5 or 6 years

 

Treatment:

the newer thinking is "conservative treatment" including high-potency topical steroids (vs. systemic steroids)
tetracycline 500mg QID /  Niacinamide 400 TID
Kenalog IM 40mg Q 3wks  (lengthening intervals)